Give each student a cup
of water. Have them observe the water with their senses. How does it look?
How does it smell? How does it feel? How does it sound? How does it taste?
What color is it? What shape is it? What size is it? Can the size and shape
change? Write their observations on a chart in front of the class.
People are supposed
to drink eight glasses of water every day. Ask students why humans need to
drink so much water. Have them think about it and discuss their ideas. Discuss
with students how water helps us eat our food (saliva), helps to keep us cool
(sweat), helps to carry vitamins and minerals around our bodies (blood) and
helps to remove wastes from our bodies (urine).
Using their cups of water,
have the students conduct some experiments to see what water does for their
bodies. Have the students roll up their sleeves, and spritz some water on
their arms. Have them wait about a minute, and then describe how the water
makes their arm feel. Ask them, "Why is it good to sweat when you have
been running? How does the water in the sweat help your bodies?"
Give each student a sugar
cube and have them drop it in their cup of water. Have the students observe
what happens to the sugar cube in the water and describe what they observe.
Discuss with them how the water helps break the sugar cube up into little
pieces and how the saliva in our mouths helps to do the same thing to the
food we eat so it is easier for us to chew it.
Have the students gather
around a table for this demonstration. Set up a tray on the table so it is
at an incline. Place a teaspoon of dry Kool-aid powder near the highest part
of the tray. Pour water on the tray so it flows over the Kool-aid powder and
have students observe and describe what happens. Discuss with the students
how the water picks up and carries the Kool-aid and how the water in our blood
does the same thing with vitamins and minerals, the good stuff in our body,
so it can be carried to all parts of our body, and how urine does the same
thing with wastes, the bad stuff in our bodies, so it can be carried out of
our bodies.
Discuss with students
whether plants and other animals need water. Ask them if they give water to
their pets and houseplants. Discuss with students what these living things
might need water for and whether they think all living things need water.
Session Two Procedures
Discuss with students
whether or not they think that a living thing could survive without water.
If a habitat is a place where living things can get the things they need to
survive, ask students if it is possible to have a habitat without water. Ask
students to name some of the ways that water gets into habitats (rain, streams,
rivers, ponds, lakes, marshes, swamps, the ocean, groundwater).
Ask students to think
about and discuss how raindrops become a lake or river or other body of water
that animals can drink from and/or live in. To get them thinking about rain,
as a class, create the sounds of a rainstorm. Perform the following motions
and rain sounds while the students imitate:
Rub palms together
back and forth (wind)
Snap fingers slowly
then quickly (raindrops)
Clap hands, not all
in the same rhythm (steady, light rain)
Slap thighs (heavy
rain)
Stomp feet rapidly
on the ground (downpour)
Slap thighs, clap
hands, snap fingers quickly and get slower, then rub palms.
After creating the rainstorm,
give students a piece of wax paper and have them put two drops of water on
it with an eyedropper so they can see how water will join together. Ask students
to place the two drops of water as close together as possible, without them
touching. Ask students to lightly blow the drops together and observe how
they are attracted to each other. Ask students to describe how the water drops
cannot touch without becoming one large drop. Discuss with students how raindrops
come together to form streams and rivers and lakes and other bodies of water
that become important habitats for living things.
Have students observe
and describe what happens to the water when they tilt the paper up at one
end (water flows downhill). Ask the students what they think will happen to
raindrops falling on top of a hill.
Have students lay their
palm flat on the table on the wax paper. Tell students to pretend their hand
is a hill. Drop raindrops on top of the "hill". Spritz water on
the students' hands so they can observe and describe what happens (water flows
downhill and collects to form a large area of water). Discuss with students
how the puddles on and around their hand are like the streams and lakes that
would form around a hill after a rainstorm and become habitats for many living
things.
Session Three Procedures
Have students examine
a 3-D topographic map of South Carolina placed at the front of the classroom.
Explain to the students that blue on the map represents water. Have students
trace their fingers along the blue lines on the map to see that water can
be found in habitats across South Carolina.
Have students determine
which part of the state is the highest and which part is the lowest, (the
mountains and the coast). Review with students how water flows downhill. Ask
students, which way they think the rivers in South Carolina will flow and
where do they think the water in the rivers eventually goes (they flow to
the Ocean).
Give students the cutout
of the raindrop, and ask them to place the cutout in the mountain region on
the map. Tell them they are going to listen to a story to find out how the
raindrop might travel across the state. Read River Story by Meredith
Hooper. As you read the book, have the students move the raindrop cutout from
the mountains to the sea across the South Carolina map to follow the story.
Discuss with students
how water is constantly flowing across South Carolina and name some of the
different habitats it will travel through and some of the living thing that
would be found in each of the habitats.